Sports Medicine Research Featured at National Meeting

Sports Medicine Research Featured at National Meeting

by | May 24, 2023 | Research & Innovation

Several of our physicians and trainees attended the American Medical Society for Sports Medicine (AMSSM) annual meeting recently. At this event, individuals are selected to share progress and results on projects that impact the care of athletes of all ages. Our team shared several pediatric-focused studies. Additionally, Jane S. Chung, M.D., served as faculty for a pre-conference event teaching participants how to transform a clinical question into a successful research project. Each of these activities reflects our organization’s commitment to provide the best care, continued learning and teaching through research and academic endeavors. Here are several projects our Center for Excellence in Sports Medicine research team, and trainees, extensions of our team, presented at this meeting.

AMSSM Grant-Funded Project Presented by Lead Investigator
Jane S. Chung, M.D., is conducting a study with the Movement Science Lab team to evaluate movement in pediatric ballet dancers. The larger project includes evaluating demographics, surveys and movement data to determine how ballet dancers respond to training demands of the art. The project presented at this event is titled, “Athletic identity and Injury Patterns in Pediatric Ballet Dancers,” and began to explain how ballet dancers think about their identity as an athlete and found that pediatric ballet dancers, particularly those who trained more and reported a prior history of injury strongly identify with their sport.

 

The purpose of the AMSSM Foundation Research Grant Award program is to foster original scientific investigations by members of AMSSM. Research proposals that investigate issues within the broad discipline of sports medicine will be considered, including clinical practice, injury prevention and rehabilitation, basic science, epidemiology and education. – 

Sport-Related Concussion Projects Presented by Trainees
David Mikhail, B.S., is a medical student at UT Southwestern Medical Center who presented “A Longitudinal Evaluation of Differences Between First and Second Concussion Among Pediatric Patients.” In collaboration with faculty mentor Shane M. Miller, M.D., David reviewed 31 pediatric cases in The North Texas Concussion Registry (ConTex).

A man is giving a presentation at a conference called rising to the challenge | CAMS RISING THE CHALLENGE A Longitudinal Evaluation of Differences in Presentation Between First and Second Concussions in Pediatric Patients UT Southwester SCOTTISH RITE ConTex SAMSS

Comparing variables between sport-related concussions within and between patients, the study aimed to identify the effects of a second concussion on young athletes. Findings included:

  • Pediatric patients presented similarly following first and second concussion and demonstrated similar time to return-to-play.
  • Neurocognitive abilities were not shown to be negatively impacted by a subsequent concussion.

Also representing data from the ConTex registry, Joshua A. Beitchman, M.D., M.B.S., UT Southwestern Medical School second-year resident in pediatric neurology, presented “Endophenotype presentation of athletes with concussion contingent upon sex and time since injury.” Working closely with his mentor and pediatric sports neurologist, Mathew Stokes, M.D., Dr. Beitchman, used a complex system called phenotyping to begin to explain the very difficult task of identifying treatment strategies earlier in the care of concussions. He says, “since concussed athletes experience symptoms differently based on sex and time since injury, predicting outcomes or the prognosis is challenging.” This study is making progress on these challenges in treating athletes with a concussion. A specific direction coming out of this effort is to further evaluate how mood and sleep affect recovery and learn interventions that will address these successfully in this population.

SM EDICINE Annual Meeting SAMESH Co-Authors RISING THE CHALLENGE. A man stands at a podium at an annual meeting

Pediatric Musculoskeletal Ultrasound Expert Shares Results of Novel Study
Sports medicine physician Jacob C. Jones, M.D., RMSK, presented “Increased Ultrasonographic Humeral Retrotorsion in Young Overhead Athletes with Little League Shoulder or Elbow.” This study adds to a small, but growing volume of evidence in the use of musculoskeletal ultrasound in the evaluation and research of pediatric sport-related conditions.

Comparing the shoulders of throwing athletes with and without shoulder or elbow pain with similar athletes in other overhead sports such as gymnastics, the study aimed to describe how the bone is remodeled, or changed, with a high volume of throwing. This study will aid in the understanding of growth-related, training-related and sport-related changes in the shoulder with sports that have a high volume of throwing such as baseball. In particular, studies like this will help to understand why some athletes develop pain with these activities and some do not.

Nighttime Bracing Coupled with Physiotherapeutic Scoliosis-specific Exercises Can Reduce Adolescent Spinal Curves

Nighttime Bracing Coupled with Physiotherapeutic Scoliosis-specific Exercises Can Reduce Adolescent Spinal Curves

by | May 17, 2023 | Research & Innovation

Scoliosis is one of the most common pediatric orthopedic conditions and presents very differently depending on the patient. Research into nonoperative treatment methods has shown promising results for using a Providence or nighttime brace in addition to physiotherapeutic scoliosis-specific exercises (PSSE).

Scottish Rite for Children pediatric orthopedic surgeon Amy L. McIntosh, M.D., and a  team of physical therapists, orthotists, and others conducted this prospective comparative study to evaluate the effectiveness of PSSE in skeletally immature patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis treated with nighttime bracing (PSSE group) compared with the standard of care of nighttime bracing alone (control group). Their findings were published in the Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics in the article “The Addition of Daytime Physiotherapeutic Scoliosis-Specific Exercises to Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Nighttime Bracing Reduces Curve Progression.”

Skeletally immature patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) who have moderate curves are treated with thoracolumbosacral orthoses, which are designed for nighttime wear. The effectiveness of PSSE in addition to nighttime bracing compared with nighttime bracing alone was unknown. Patients in this study met the following inclusion criteria: diagnosis of AIS, Providence brace treatment, ages 10 to 16 years, thoracolumbar or lumbar primary curve <35 degrees, Risser stage 0, and females <1-year postmenarchal.

Patients in this group completed at least eight hours of one-on-one outpatient physical therapy sessions from a Schroth-based (Barcelona Scoliosis Physical Therapy School) certified physical therapist. All patients participated in Schroth therapy at Scottish Rite for Children and were given a standardized exercise prescription algorithm. They also committed to performing a home exercise program for a minimum of 15 minutes a day, five days a week, for at least one year. They were encouraged to maintain a corrective posture throughout the day during activities of daily living.

The primary outcome measures were curve magnitude of the primary curve and the rate of curve progression. Curve magnitude was digitally measured using the Cobb method, and baseline curves averaged 25 degrees, which is at the lowest bracing threshold recommended by the Scoliosis Research Society. These patients either presented with a Cobb  angle ≥ 25 degrees or had demonstrated curve progression to a Cobb angle ≥ 25 degrees.

Both groups demonstrated positive results, 22% of curves improved at skeletal maturity, and only 9% required surgery. However, the PSSE group had no change in curve magnitude at the final visit compared with curve progression in the control group (1 vs. 7 degrees, P<0.01). Furthermore, the PSSE group had a lower rate of curve progression >5 degrees at the final visit (14% vs. 43%, P<0.01). The PSSE group also had less conversion to full-time bracing after 1 year (5% vs. 24%, P=0.046), but the differences were no longer significant at the final visit (14% vs. 27%).

Their research confirms that Schroth-based physical therapy, in conjunction with wearing a brace at night, reduces curve progression after one year and at skeletal maturity. This information is helpful to patients and their families experiencing scoliosis and could be used as an encouragement for compliance with the treatment.

Learn more about scoliosis and orthopedic research.

Sports Medicine Team from Scottish Rite for Children Had Strong Presence at PRiSM 2023

Sports Medicine Team from Scottish Rite for Children Had Strong Presence at PRiSM 2023

by | Feb 15, 2023 | Research & Innovation

The sports medicine team from the Scottish Rite for Children Center for Excellence in Sports Medicine recently attended the 10th Annual Pediatric Research in Sports Medicine (PRiSM) society meeting in Denver, Colorado. Several of our team are founding members in this group leading the way in pediatric sports medicine research.

Medical director of clinical research Henry B. Ellis, M.D., says, “Most conferences are designed to gather one discipline, but this one is inclusive. Scottish Rite had an impressive presence not only in attendance, but also with most of the 23 staff who attended actively contributing.” The Scottish Rite team included sports medicine physicians, pediatric orthopedic surgeons, a radiologist, advanced practice providers, physical therapists, researchers, psychologists and more. Many of them presented and led discussions about important care and treatment techniques for young athletes.

The three-day meeting included a variety of formats for collaboration and learning. Our team presented results from studies at the podium and during poster sessions where authors held conversations with attendees about the projects. The program also included a variety of didactic sessions designed to inform the participants of available evidence on a topic while stimulating discussion for future research.

Some of the noteworthy accomplishments of our team include:

  • Our director of Movement Science Sophia Ulman, Ph.D., had an active role in multiple aspects of the meeting. Ulman hosted a program with other movement science experts teaching best practices on applying motion capture in return to sports decision making. Bioengineer Alex Loewen, M.S., and Ben Johnson, P.A.-C., presented a study on measuring changes in pelvic tilt before and after hip surgery. Ulman and Loewen shared another study designed to improve accuracy of trunk testing across movement science labs. Additionally, biomechanist Ashley Erdman, B.S., M.B.A., presented results of a ballerina survey on pointe readiness.
  • Perfectly aligned with her passion, Ulman officially assumed responsibility as chair of the Injury Prevention Research Interest Group and provided her peers with the latest research updates on using movement science to facilitate sports injury prevention protocols.
  • Musculoskeletal ultrasound expert and sports medicine physician Jacob C. Jones, M.D., RMSK, gave a report on the state of pediatric musculoskeletal ultrasound to the society attending the conference. His specialty in this methodology solidified him as the top choice to address the group with the latest and greatest in the use of musculoskeletal ultrasound for pediatric sports medicine patients. Additionally, Jones presented a poster addressing the use of diagnostic musculoskeletal ultrasound in gymnasts.
  • Shane M. Miller, M.D., concluded his two-year term as chair of the PRiSM Concussion Research Interest Group. This means he led collaborative efforts with others from around the country to improve the identification and treatment of concussions in young athletes and to create a better understanding of the condition. In addition to this national collaboration, our team worked on other concussion projects. Jones shared results of a study on concussions in young athletes, comparing injuries by position in soccer players.
  • Elbow and shoulder injuries in throwing athletes continue to be a concern for pediatric sports medicine experts across the country. Sports surgery pair Philip L. Wilson, M.D., and Chuck Wyatt, M.S., CPNP, RNFA, shared results from several projects aimed at improving all aspects of care in two upper extremity scientific sessions. In addition to sharing results of Scottish Rite studies on elbow injuries in young athletes, Wilson shared results from a multi-center group focused on clavicle fractures called FACTS.
  • Three of our physical therapists, Jessica Dabis, P.T., D.P.T., O.C.S., Katie Holehouse, P.T., D.P.T., CSCS, and Jacob Landers, P.T., D.P.T., O.C.S., CSCS, presented projects at the meeting.
  • Our sports psychologists Emily Stapleton, Psy.D., and Emily Gale, Ph.D., presented on mental health screening tools and the presentation of suicidality in young athletes.
  • One of our student interns Sarp Sahin was one of five students awarded a grant from PRiSM to attend and present at the conference. As an undergrad at Washington and Lee University, Sarp was proud to present a novel project that he has been working on since high school. His efforts were recognized by sports medicine clinicians and appreciated by many.

The sports medicine staff’s expertise was shared with other sports medicine clinicians around the country to improve care for young athletes near and far. In return, our team learned valuable information that will impact how we care for young athletes at Scottish Rite. With 23 staff members from the Scottish Rite Sports Medicine team attending, we had a well-rounded, multi-disciplinary representation, and the team returned inspired to continue to contribute to the future of the field of pediatric sports medicine.

Learn more about our Sports Medicine team.

Get to Know our Staff: Paola Sparagana, Research

Get to Know our Staff: Paola Sparagana, Research

by | Jan 26, 2023 | Research & Innovation

Each year, our team seeks out college students interested in pursuing a career in medicine. Clinical Orthopedic Research Assistants (CORA) are hired at Scottish Rite for Children to assist our experts in performing clinical research tasks and collaborating on research projects. CORA staff are also mentored by our physicians and researchers and given valuable advice and guidance for their future. Each CORA staff member specializes in a specific area of study and works with the staff in that department, receiving a well-rounded experience in their field of interest.
 
What inspired you to apply for the CORA position?
What initially inspired me to apply for a CORA position was the sheer uniqueness of the program. Not only was this an opportunity at a globally distinguished hospital, but it also offered numerous opportunities that seemed essential for my professional growth. The CORA program is tailored toward those who are interested in pursuing advanced degrees in medicine. So, unlike other research assistant positions, CORA offers opportunities that are crucial in creating a competitive applicant for any medical degree program. Such opportunities include designated hours for observing in clinic, developing your own research project and learning from true experts in their field. As someone who had minimal experience with clinical research, this seemed like a terrific opportunity to formally introduce myself to the wonderful world of research!
 
Have you always been interested in medicine and/or research?
I grew up with two parents in the medical field, so it certainly has always felt like a natural topic of interest to me. Despite always having this interest, I wasn’t sure what that meant for me and my future. I never experienced a defining moment where I thought to myself, ‘Yes, medicine is it for me!’ In fact, even up to my senior year of college, I found myself wondering if medicine was just an interest or if this had the potential to be a lifelong career. Fortunately, I found myself at Scottish Rite for Children, where my experiences have gradually transformed interests into ambitions and passions.
 
What is it like working at Scottish Rite for Children?
I certainly have a sense of pride when I come to work. Since its inception, Scottish Rite for Children has maintained a reputation of providing extraordinary patient care and pioneering revolutionary research. The staff and volunteers here are a true testament to the excellence of this organization. Working with children is a humbling experience, but that is a feeling that we all need to learn to embrace. In fact, I often find myself learning valuable lessons from the short interactions I have with the children in clinic. There is so much to learn here, and I am beyond thrilled to be a part of the community!
 
Can you share a few sentences about someone at Scottish Rite who has been a mentor to you and how they have impacted your experience? What project are you working on with that mentor?
While working here, I have had the opportunity to learn from some truly impressive individuals. Within the Rheumatology department, Lynnette Walters has selflessly invested a significant portion of her time into my own professional and personal development. Within a few short months, Lynnette reinforced my abilities to lead with positivity and integrity. I am currently working on an autoimmunity project with Lynnette that consists of obtaining biological samples and examining disease manifestation at the time of sample collection. Julie M. Fuller, M.D., who is mentoring me through a personal project, has also given me direction and confidence since the start of this project.  
 
How do you think this experience will impact your career path?
It has unquestionably already impacted my career path. This experience has solidified my interests in medicine while giving me clinical experience that goes beyond most entry-level positions. I believe this program has solidified the foundation for my professional career while reinforcing my personal development.  
 
What progress have you made toward your career goal since beginning the program?
The CORA program has helped me not only identify my career goal, but it has also helped me set some crucial career development goals. One important aspect of my career development was gaining exposure to other departments and specialties. I have had the opportunity to work with multiple departments such as Rheumatology and Pediatric Developmental Disabilities. Working with different departments has enhanced my workplace flexibility while also allowing me to step outside my job description and create new opportunities for myself. As I have grown more comfortable in my role, I have felt confident in accepting new tasks and projects that had once seemed daunting. Experience has only made me more confident myself!
 
What is your favorite project that you are currently working on or have worked on at Scottish Rite?
My favorite project is probably my own personal project that I am working on with rheumatologist Dr. Fuller. We are working on a case series examining patients with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) who also present with Temporomandibular Joint involvement. Getting to work through the challenges of research with Dr. Fuller has given me invaluable experience into the fundamentals of the research development. It is incredibly rewarding to watch an idea transform into a project that you can call your own.
 
What advice do you have for future CORA participants?
My first piece of advice would be to embrace the work that is given to you. It is unlikely that you will always know what to do when assigned a new project, but in chaos there is always opportunity! If you use this as an opportunity to learn, then you’re only better preparing yourself for the future. My next piece of advice would be to allow this experience to be more than just professional development. Let this be a time of personal growth for you. Explore your talents, potential, dreams and aspirations. At the end of the day, it is personal growth that gives us the motivation to accomplish meaningful work and advance in our careers. 
 
What is one thing most people don’t know about you?
Prior to this position, my only true research experience was at Texas A&M, where I helped develop open-education resources (OER) for second language education. We developed textbooks that are now used by Introductory Spanish courses at Texas A&M, which provide students with free textbooks! So, despite my minimal experience with clinical research, I believe it was my eagerness to learn fast and prioritize the information needed that has allowed me to excel in this position.
 
Anything else you would like to add?
The CORA positions are a great opportunity at an outstanding institution with world class medical staff and colleagues. I give the program my most heartfelt endorsement!
 
If you are interested in a career in medicine and plan to take a year or two after college before applying to medical school, learn more about becoming a clinical orthopedic research assistant (CORA) on our careers page. Applications for June 2023 positions are being accepted through spring of 2023.
 
If you are in medical school and are interested in a research opportunity, learn more about becoming a medical student research fellow (MSRF) on our careers page.
Researchers At Scottish Rite For Children Awarded Grant From National Institutes Of Health For Clubfoot Genetics Research

Researchers At Scottish Rite For Children Awarded Grant From National Institutes Of Health For Clubfoot Genetics Research

by | Jan 17, 2023 | Research & Innovation

Researchers at Scottish Rite for Children and UT Southwestern Medical Center were recently awarded a grant from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) that will bring new opportunities to discover genetic causes of clubfoot. Clubfoot is a complex foot deformity where one or both feet are turned inward and pointed downward. At Scottish Rite, two nonoperative treatment methods are provided to children with clubfoot, though at times, surgical management may be required.
 
A research team at Scottish Rite, led by Jonathan J. Rios, Ph.D., is investigating the genetic basis of clubfoot. In 2021, Dr. Rios’ team published the largest genetic association study for clubfoot, which included analysis of approximately 8 million genetic markers in more than 8,000 individuals. As part of this effort, his team identified the first gene, FSTL5, associated with clubfoot using this approach. Using similar strategies, Carol Wise, Ph.D., Director of Basic Science Research at Scottish Rite, has led studies discovering genes associated with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. “This award reflects the expertise of our research staff and the organization’s commitment to research excellence, a combination that enables continued discoveries of the genetic basis for pediatric orthopedic conditions treated at our institution,” Dr. Wise says.

Dr. Rios’ new award will utilize whole-genome sequencing to discover genetic causes of clubfoot. As part of this award, the Gabriella Miller Kid’s First Program will sequence the entire genomes of 407 individuals from 85 families with clubfoot. “The Gabriella Miller Program is a unique opportunity to apply comprehensive genomic technologies to tackle unanswered questions in the field and to discover genetic causes of pediatric orthopedic disorders,” Dr. Rios says. The new Kids First Project on Congenital Clubfoot, led by Dr. Rios, is a collaboration with Dr. Jacqueline Hecht, Associate Dean of Research at the McGovern Medical School at UTHealth Houston.

This is the second Gabriella Miller Project awarded to Dr. Rios. In 2016, the Gabriella Miller Project awarded Drs. Rios and Wise’s study of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, which included whole-genome sequencing of 598 individuals from 168 families. “Scoliosis and clubfoot are the most frequent orthopedic conditions treated at Scottish Rite,” says Scottish Rite Chief of Staff Daniel J. Sucato, M.D., M.S. “Genetic and basic research is fundamental to improving how we care for children, and ‘big data’ studies such as these allow our scientists to tackle new research questions that will advance our understanding of these conditions.” Learn more about research at Scottish Rite for Children and the Scottish Rite for Children Molecular Genetics research team. Jonathan J. Rios, Ph.D., is the co-director of Molecular Genetics at Scottish Rite, as well as an associate professor in the McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development and the Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Pediatrics and is a member of the Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center at The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (UT Southwestern). Carol Wise, Ph.D., is the Director of Basic Research at Scottish Rite and is a professor in the McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development and the Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Pediatrics at UT Southwestern. Daniel J. Sucato, M.D., M.S., is the Chief of Staff at Scottish Rite and is a professor in the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery at UT Southwestern.

Adam Jamnik: Medical Student Research Fellow, Research

Adam Jamnik: Medical Student Research Fellow, Research

by | Dec 29, 2022 | Research & Innovation

Scottish Rite for Children offers a Medical Student Research Fellowship (MSRF) for medical students interested in gaining experience in clinical research. Fellows work with a lead faculty mentor throughout the year and several project supervisors who are pediatric orthopedic faculty at Scottish Rite. Fellows work as a crucial part of the research teams in various Centers for Excellence at Scottish Rite and are responsible for a variety of research projects.

Meet Adam, a MSRF at Scottish Rite in 2022 who works with Brandon A. Ramo, M.D., in the Center for Excellence in Spine.

What inspired you to apply for the MSRF position?
I am currently applying to residency in orthopedic surgery and have long felt that I would want to make research a part of my future career. Though I have had the opportunity to conduct research in medical school and as an undergraduate, I knew that a year-long research fellowship position would dramatically enhance my research skills, ultimately benefiting me for years to come. The MSRF position was a perfect fit for me. I am primarily interested in pediatric orthopedics, so Scottish Rite for Children, as a preeminent clinical and research facility, was always on my radar. I knew that the amazing physicians and research infrastructure here would provide me the support and learning opportunities to make the most of this year.

Have you always been interested in medicine and/or research?
I primarily became interested in medicine during high school, where I loved my science classes. During that time, I was also a ski instructor for children ages 3-7. That experience made me realize that I would really enjoy a job working with people and helping others.

When I was thinking of ways I could combine my passions for science and making a direct impact on peoples’ lives, medicine seemed like a natural fit. As for my interest in research, that began during college. The laboratory components for my biology and chemistry classes were great learning experiences, but I wanted the experiments I was conducting to further our understanding of the world around us and to have the experience of formulating my own questions. I ended up getting involved in two research labs — one that studied epigenetics and another that studied the interaction between hunger and sleep.

What is it like working at Scottish Rite for Children?
Working at Scottish Rite has far surpassed my expectations. First, I think the organization in general has an incredibly positive atmosphere. The people seem genuinely happy to come to work and are excited to help children dealing with orthopedic conditions. The attendings have given me invaluable career guidance and research mentorship. The research coordinators have been instrumental in supporting my projects and making sure I can make the most of my year here.

Can you share a few sentences about someone at Scottish Rite who has been a mentor to you and how they have impacted your experience? What project are you working on with that mentor?
One of my primary mentors at Scottish Rite is Dr. Brandon Ramo. From the outset, Dr. Ramo has supported me through every step of the research process. One of the projects we are working on is determining how adolescents’ experience with scoliosis has changed over the past two decades. During that time, Scottish Rite has given a survey (known as the SRS-30) to patients prior to their surgery to gauge their level of pain, how they feel about their appearance, activity levels and mental health. We determined that some of these metrics have taken a turn for the worse and hypothesize this may be related to changing societal pressures and norms.

How do you think this experience will impact your career path?
As I mentioned, I am hoping to make research a part of my future career. My experience at Scottish Rite has allowed me to further develop an understanding of the research process as well as the skills needed to conduct research, such as developing good research questions, selecting appropriate inclusion and exclusion criteria, identifying the variables needed to answer a given research question and ultimately publishing results. I am confident that this experience will improve the quality of the research that I conduct throughout my career and will likely influence the practice setting I ultimately select for my career.

What progress have you made towards your career goal since beginning the program?
I am applying for residency this year, and interview season just started at the beginning of December! My research experience at Scottish Rite will likely be brought up in all my interviews, so I am grateful that the team here has helped me have such a productive time thus far.

What is your favorite project that you are currently working on or have worked on at Scottish Rite?
My favorite project has been the one I mentioned earlier, on the evolution of SRS scores. Another project that I am proud of looks at the performance of magnetically controlled growing rods (MCGR), which is a newer scoliosis treatment for patients that are still growing. It involved reviewing hundreds of X-rays, but I am really happy with the end product and think it adds significantly to the conversation on a newer treatment modality.

What advice do you have for future MSRF participants?
My advice would be to really dive in! A year is a short period of time, especially in research when there are so many moving parts. Don’t be afraid to juggle a few projects at once because each project will demand different amounts of attention at different times.

What is one thing most people don’t know about you?
I love trying different restaurants! I am originally from New York, so it has been great exploring the Dallas food-scene.

Anything else you would like to add?
I would just like to reiterate my thanks to Scottish Rite! I am so grateful for all the resources they’ve provided me. The work that is done here for patients is absolutely incredible, and it is very rewarding to have played a small part in that. This one year will benefit me and my career for decades to come. I am confident that through those years, I will leverage this experience for the benefit of my patients.

We’re recruiting Medical Student Research Fellows for 2023! If you are a third-year medical student looking to take a gap year before applying to residency, take advantage of this unique opportunity! Only three positions are available for 2023.

Learn more and apply here on our Careers page.